Nizoral (Ketoconazole)

Ketoconazole, the active ingredient in Nizoral, is an azole antifungal presented as a topical formulation for topical use. It treats fungal skin infections such as tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea versicolor, and seborrheic dermatitis in adults and children.

GNH USA supplies Nizoral as a licensed, GDP-compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Ketoconazole is an azole antifungal that interferes with fungal cell membrane synthesis.

- Tinea corporis: reduces fungal growth and clears skin lesions. - Tinea cruris: alleviates itching and resolves the infection in the groin area. - Tinea pedis: eliminates athlete’s foot fungi and improves foot skin condition. - Tinea versicolor: normalizes skin pigmentation by eradicating Malassezia species. - Seborrheic dermatitis: controls yeast overgrowth on the scalp and face, reducing redness and scaling.

Topical ketoconazole may cause local skin reactions.

Common Side Effects: - Burning sensation at the application site. - Itching or pruritus. - Redness or erythema. - Dryness or flaking of the skin. - Mild irritation or stinging.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Allergic contact dermatitis. - Severe skin reactions such as Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. - Systemic hepatic toxicity (rare with extensive use). - Adrenal suppression (rare). - Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue indicating anaphylaxis.

When using Nizoral, consider the following precautions.

- Pregnancy: avoid unless the benefit outweighs potential risk to the fetus. - Breastfeeding: use with caution; discuss with a healthcare professional. - Age: follow label guidance for pediatric use, typically not for infants under 2 months. - Skin condition: do not apply to large areas of broken, inflamed, or damaged skin. - Concomitant topical agents: avoid using other irritant or sensitizing products on the same area. - Store at below 25°C: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ketoconazole may interact with other medications when absorbed systemically.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Oral azole antifungals (e.g., itraconazole, fluconazole): concurrent use can increase systemic toxicity. - Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole oral, clarithromycin): may raise ketoconazole plasma levels if significant absorption occurs.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Topical corticosteroids: may increase local irritation. - Other topical antifungals: combined use can enhance skin irritation. - Warfarin: monitor INR if extensive skin application leads to systemic exposure.