Motilium (Domperidone)

Domperidone, the active ingredient in Motilium, is a dopamine antagonist presented as an oral formulation for oral use. It treats nausea and vomiting, gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia in adults.

GNH USA supplies Motilium as a licensed, GDP-compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Domperidone acts as a peripheral dopamine antagonist to improve gastrointestinal motility and reduce nausea.

- Nausea and vomiting: reduces episodes of nausea and vomiting associated with various causes. - Gastroparesis: enhances gastric emptying and alleviates related symptoms such as early satiety. - Functional dyspepsia: relieves upper abdominal discomfort and improves digestive comfort.

Domperidone is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects: - Dry mouth: reduced salivation leading to a feeling of thirst. - Abdominal cramps: mild to moderate stomach discomfort. - Headache: transient pain in the head region. - Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness or unsteadiness. - Diarrhoea: loose stools occurring intermittently. - Constipation: reduced bowel movements.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Cardiac arrhythmia (QT prolongation): may cause irregular heart rhythm. - Severe allergic reaction: rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing. - Extrapyramidal symptoms: involuntary muscle movements. - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: rare but life‑threatening condition. - Hyperprolactinemia: elevated prolactin levels causing hormonal effects. - Hepatic dysfunction: abnormal liver enzyme elevations.

Before prescribing Domperidone, clinicians should consider several safety aspects.

- Cardiac risk assessment: evaluate history of arrhythmia or electrolyte imbalance. - Liver function monitoring: adjust use in patients with hepatic impairment. - Concomitant QT‑prolonging drugs: avoid or monitor closely. - CYP3A4 inhibitors: use caution with strong inhibitors that raise domperidone levels. - Pediatric use: restrict to children only when clearly indicated and prescribed. - Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Domperidone may interact with other medicines, requiring attention to avoid adverse outcomes.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin): may increase domperidone plasma concentrations. - QT‑prolonging agents (e.g., quinidine, haloperidol): additive risk of cardiac arrhythmia. - Antifungal azoles (e.g., itraconazole): elevate domperidone levels. - HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir): potentiate exposure. - Certain macrolide antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin): raise risk of toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Anticholinergic drugs: may blunt prokinetic effect. - Other prokinetics (e.g., metoclopramide): overlapping mechanisms. - Drugs metabolised by CYP3A4 (e.g., midazolam): possible altered levels. - Diuretics: monitor electrolytes that influence cardiac risk. - NSAIDs: watch for gastrointestinal irritation.