Melatonin

Melatonin, the active ingredient in Melatonin, is a melatonin receptor agonist presented as a tablet for oral use. It helps regulate the circadian rhythm and is used to manage insomnia, jet lag and sleep‑wake rhythm disorders in adults.

GNH USA supplies Melatonin as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Melatonin acts on melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors to support normal sleep physiology. It is indicated for the following conditions: - Insomnia: facilitates sleep onset and improves sleep continuity in adults. - Jet lag: helps realign the internal clock after rapid time‑zone travel. - Sleep‑wake rhythm disorders: assists in normalising disrupted circadian patterns such as shift‑work disorder.

Melatonin is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects: - Drowsiness: excessive sleepiness during daytime. - Headache: mild to moderate head pain. - Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness. - Nausea: mild gastrointestinal upset.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Allergic reactions: rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis. - Severe mood changes: depression or suicidal thoughts. - Seizures: rare occurrence of convulsive episodes. - Hormonal effects: alterations in reproductive hormone levels. - Daytime impairment: significant sleepiness affecting driving or operating machinery.

Before using melatonin, consider the following safety measures: - Evaluate underlying sleep disorders: confirm diagnosis before initiating therapy. - Avoid operating heavy machinery: assess daytime drowsiness risk. - Caution with CNS depressants: monitor additive sedative effects. - Pediatric use: restrict to prescribed situations only. - Pregnancy and lactation: consult a healthcare professional before use. - Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Melatonin may interact with other medicines; awareness of the interaction level is important.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Warfarin: increased risk of bleeding. - Cyclosporine: potential alteration of immunosuppressive effect. - Fluoxetine: enhanced serotonergic activity. - Carbamazepine: reduced melatonin efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Caffeine: may diminish sleep‑promoting effect. - Alcohol: additive sedation. - Benzodiazepines: increased central nervous system depression. - NSAIDs: possible impact on platelet function.