Mapoli

Sitagliptin, the active ingredient in Mapoli, is a Dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4) inhibitor presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, typically as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet and exercise.

GNH USA supplies Mapoli as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Sitagliptin is a DPP‑4 inhibitor used to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

- Type 2 diabetes mellitus: lowers fasting and post‑prandial blood glucose levels when combined with diet and exercise. - Monotherapy in metformin‑intolerant patients: provides an oral glucose‑lowering option without metformin. - Combination therapy with metformin or other antidiabetics: enhances overall glycaemic reduction compared with either agent alone.

Sitagliptin is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects: - Nasopharyngitis: mild upper respiratory symptoms. - Headache: transient and usually mild. - Nausea: occasional gastrointestinal discomfort. - Diarrhoea: loose stools that resolve with continued therapy. - Upper respiratory tract infection: mild cough or sore throat.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Pancreatitis: severe abdominal pain requiring immediate medical attention. - Severe allergic reactions: rash, angioedema, or anaphylaxis. - Hepatic injury: elevated liver enzymes or jaundice. - Joint pain: unexplained arthralgia that may be persistent. - Bullous pemphigoid: rare skin blistering disorder.

Before initiating sitagliptin therapy, several safety considerations should be reviewed.

- Renal function assessment: dose adjustment may be required in impaired renal function. - Hepatic function monitoring: avoid use in patients with severe liver disease. - Hypoglycaemia risk: caution when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas. - Cardiovascular disease: monitor for any worsening of heart failure symptoms. - Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; use only if potential benefit justifies risk. - Store at ambient temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and heat.

Sitagliptin may interact with other medicines, influencing efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): may increase sitagliptin exposure. - Insulin or sulfonylureas: heightened risk of hypoglycaemia. - Rifampin: may reduce sitagliptin plasma concentrations.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Diuretics: possible alteration of glucose control. - ACE inhibitors: monitor blood pressure and renal function. - Warfarin: observe INR for potential changes.