Macrodantin

Nitrofurantoin, the active ingredient in Macrodantin, is a nitrofuran antibiotic presented as oral tablets for oral use. It treats uncomplicated urinary tract infection (cystitis) in adult patients by concentrating in the urine and inhibiting bacterial carbohydrate metabolism and cell‑wall synthesis, providing effective eradication of common uropathogens such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

GNH USA supplies Macrodantin as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide, ensuring consistent quality and regulatory compliance across global markets.

Macrodantin (nitrofurantoin) is indicated for infections of the urinary tract caused by susceptible bacteria.

- Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (cystitis): achieves bacterial eradication to resolve infection symptoms. - Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections: reduces the frequency of infection when used as prophylaxis. - Acute lower urinary tract infection caused by E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, or Staphylococcus saprophyticus: provides effective treatment to clear the infection.

Nitrofurantoin may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects: - Nausea: mild stomach upset that may resolve with food. - Diarrhea: loose stools that can lead to dehydration if severe. - Loss of appetite: reduced desire to eat, potentially affecting nutrition. - Headache: mild to moderate head pain during therapy.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Pulmonary toxicity (interstitial pneumonitis): inflammation of lung tissue that may cause cough and shortness of breath. - Hepatic injury (hepatitis, jaundice): liver inflammation presenting with yellowing of skin or eyes. - Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, Stevens‑Johnson syndrome): rapid onset of rash, swelling, or life‑threatening systemic symptoms.

Before prescribing Macrodantin, clinicians should consider several safety precautions to minimize risk.

- Renal function assessment: evaluate kidney function before initiating therapy, as reduced clearance can increase toxicity. - Pregnancy considerations: avoid use in the first trimester and near term unless benefits outweigh risks, due to limited safety data. - G6PD deficiency: contraindicated because of risk of hemolytic anemia. - Elderly patients: monitor for pulmonary toxicity and adjust dose if renal function declines. - Drug interaction review: assess concomitant medications for potential major interactions. - Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Nitrofurantoin can interact with other medicines, affecting its absorption or increasing toxicity.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum: significantly reduce nitrofurantoin absorption. - Probenecid: decreases renal excretion, raising plasma levels and risk of adverse effects. - Fluoroquinolones: concurrent use may increase the likelihood of pulmonary toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Warfarin: nitrofurantoin may potentiate anticoagulant effect; monitor INR regularly. - Diuretics: may alter renal clearance of nitrofurantoin; assess renal function and adjust dosing as needed.