Lactulade

Lactulose, the active ingredient in Lactulade, is an osmotic laxative presented as an oral solution for oral use. It treats constipation and hepatic encephalopathy in adults, helping to regulate bowel movements and reduce blood ammonia levels.

GNH USA supplies Lactulade as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Lactulose is used to manage conditions related to bowel motility and ammonia metabolism.

- Constipation: relieves chronic constipation by increasing stool water content and promoting bowel movements. - Hepatic encephalopathy: lowers blood ammonia, improving neurological function in patients with liver disease. - Colonic cleansing: provides bowel evacuation prior to certain diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Lactulose may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects: - Abdominal bloating - Flatulence - Diarrhea - Nausea - Abdominal cramps - Increased thirst

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Severe electrolyte imbalance (e.g., hyponatremia) - Marked dehydration - Allergic reactions (rash, urticaria, angioedema) - Severe abdominal pain or colonic perforation

Before initiating lactulose therapy, consider the following safety measures.

- Renal function assessment: evaluate kidney status, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. - Electrolyte monitoring: check serum electrolytes during prolonged use. - Diabetes caution: monitor blood glucose as lactulose contains carbohydrate calories. - Intestinal obstruction: avoid use in patients with known mechanical blockage. - Elderly dosage: start with lower doses and titrate cautiously. - Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Lactulose can interact with other medicines, requiring attention to avoid reduced efficacy or increased toxicity.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Antacids containing magnesium: may decrease lactulose effectiveness. - Loop diuretics: increased risk of electrolyte disturbances. - Insulin or oral hypoglycemics: carbohydrate content may alter glucose control.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Antibiotics (e.g., rifaximin): may affect gut flora and lactulose metabolism. - Probiotics: potential alteration of bacterial hydrolysis of lactulose. - Oral potassium supplements: monitor serum potassium levels.