Keflex

Cefalexin, the active ingredient in Keflex, is a first‑generation cephalosporin presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It treats a range of bacterial infections, particularly those affecting the skin, respiratory tract, urinary system and bone, and is prescribed for adults and children when indicated. GNH USA supplies Keflex as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Cefalexin acts as a broad‑spectrum antibacterial agent targeting susceptible gram‑positive and some gram‑negative organisms. - Skin and soft tissue infections: effective for cellulitis, impetigo and wound infections caused by susceptible bacteria. - Respiratory tract infections: treats acute bacterial sinusitis, tonsillitis and community‑acquired pneumonia when caused by susceptible strains. - Urinary tract infections: clears uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis due to susceptible organisms. - Bone and joint infections: used for osteomyelitis and septic arthritis when the pathogen is sensitive to cefalexin.

Cefalexin is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects: - Nausea: mild to moderate stomach upset. - Diarrhea: often self‑limiting, may be watery. - Abdominal pain: cramping or discomfort. - Rash: erythematous skin eruption. - Headache: transient mild headache. - Taste disturbance: altered taste perception.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Anaphylaxis: severe allergic reaction requiring immediate medical attention. - Clostridioides difficile‑associated diarrhea: potentially severe colitis. - Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: rare mucocutaneous blistering disorder. - Blood dyscrasias: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia. - Hepatic enzyme elevation: abnormal liver function tests. - Seizures: rare, especially in patients with renal impairment.

Before prescribing cefalexin, clinicians should consider several safety factors. - Assess renal function: adjust dose in patients with impaired kidney function. - Monitor for allergic reactions: discontinue if severe rash or anaphylaxis occurs. - Use with caution in patients with gastrointestinal disease: may exacerbate colitis. - Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins. - Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture and heat.

Cefalexin can interact with other medicines, influencing efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Probenecid: increases cefalexin plasma levels, raising toxicity risk. - Warfarin: may potentiate anticoagulant effect, requiring INR monitoring. - Oral contraceptives: may reduce hormonal efficacy, advise backup contraception.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Aminoglycosides: additive nephrotoxicity, monitor renal function. - Loop diuretics: may increase risk of renal impairment. - Metformin: may need dose adjustment in renal dysfunction when combined with cefalexin.