Ivolen

Levonorgestrel, the active ingredient in Ivolen, is a progestogen presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is used to prevent pregnancy, including emergency contraception after unprotected intercourse.

GNH USA supplies Ivolen as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Levonorgestrel acts as a progestogenic agent within the contraceptive pathway, preventing ovulation and fertilisation.

- Emergency contraception: provides post‑coital protection to reduce the risk of pregnancy. - Pregnancy prevention (progestin‑only pill): used on a regular schedule to inhibit ovulation and maintain contraceptive effect. - Menstrual cycle regulation: may be prescribed to adjust timing of menstrual bleeding in certain clinical protocols.

Levonorgestrel may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects: - Nausea: mild to moderate stomach upset. - Headache: occasional tension‑type headache. - Breast tenderness: temporary discomfort. - Menstrual changes: spotting or altered flow. - Abdominal pain: cramping or discomfort. - Fatigue: feeling unusually tired.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis. - Severe abdominal pain: may indicate ectopic pregnancy. - Blood clotting disorders: rare thromboembolic events. - Liver dysfunction: jaundice or abnormal liver enzymes. - Mood disturbances: severe depression or anxiety. - Vision changes: blurred vision or visual disturbances.

Levonorgestrel should be used with awareness of specific safety considerations.

- Pregnancy contraindication: do not use if already pregnant. - Liver disease: avoid or use with caution in hepatic impairment. - Hypersensitivity: discontinue if allergic reactions occur. - Breastfeeding: assess risk‑benefit before use. - Drug interactions: review concomitant medications that may reduce efficacy. - Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C, retain original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Levonorgestrel may interact with other medicines, affecting its contraceptive reliability.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Enzyme inducers (rifampicin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, St. John's wort): may markedly reduce plasma levels. - Antifungal agents (ketoconazole, itraconazole): can increase hormone concentrations.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Anticoagulants (warfarin): may alter clotting parameters. - Antidepressants (SSRIs, especially sertraline): potential reduction in contraceptive effect. - Hormonal therapies (other progestins or estrogen): may require dose adjustments. - Antiepileptics (phenobarbital): may modestly decrease efficacy.