Istin

Amlodipine, the active ingredient in Istin, is a calcium channel blocker presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is used to treat hypertension and chronic stable angina in adult patients.

GNH USA supplies Istin as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Amlodipine acts on the cardiovascular system to lower blood pressure and improve myocardial oxygen supply.

- Hypertension: reduces systemic vascular resistance to achieve target blood pressure levels. - Chronic stable angina: improves coronary blood flow to relieve chest pain during exertion. - Coronary artery disease: helps prevent angina episodes by decreasing myocardial workload.

Amlodipine may cause several adverse reactions, ranging from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects: - Headache: mild to moderate intensity, often transient. - Peripheral edema: swelling of ankles or lower legs. - Flushing: warm sensation with reddening of skin. - Dizziness or light‑headedness, especially after standing. - Fatigue: general feeling of tiredness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Severe hypotension: marked drop in blood pressure requiring medical attention. - Myocardial infarction: rare occurrence of heart attack. - Arrhythmias: abnormal heart rhythms, including tachycardia. - Hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes or jaundice. - Allergic reactions: rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis.

When prescribing amlodipine, clinicians should consider several safety measures.

- Blood pressure monitoring: ensure adequate control without excessive drop. - Hepatic impairment: use caution and consider dose adjustment. - Concomitant antihypertensives: avoid additive hypotensive effects. - Heart failure: monitor for worsening symptoms. - Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; weigh risks and benefits. - Store at room temperature: keep below 25 °C, retain in original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Amlodipine can interact with various medicines, altering its efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, itraconazole): may increase amlodipine plasma levels. - Grapefruit juice: can raise drug concentration and risk of hypotension. - Other potent antihypertensives: may cause excessive blood pressure reduction.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine): may reduce therapeutic effect. - Diuretics: can enhance orthostatic hypotension. - Beta‑blockers: may require dose titration for combined effect. - Digoxin: monitor for potential increased serum levels.