Invokana

Canagliflozin, the active ingredient in Invokana, is a SGLT2 inhibitor presented as a tablet for oral use. It treats type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults by lowering blood glucose levels. GNH USA supplies Invokana as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Invokana (canagliflozin) is indicated for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, an endocrine disorder affecting glucose metabolism.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus: improves glycemic control when used together with diet and exercise.

Adverse reactions may range from mild to serious, and patients should be informed of both common and rare possibilities.

Common Side Effects: - Genital mycotic infection: itching or discharge in the genital area. - Urinary tract infection: dysuria, frequency, or urgency. - Increased urination: polyuria and nocturia. - Thirst: polydipsia due to osmotic diuresis. - Mild hypotension: dizziness, especially on standing. - Nausea: occasional upset stomach.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Ketoacidosis: metabolic acidosis with normal or low glucose. - Severe dehydration: may lead to hypotension or renal injury. - Acute kidney injury: sudden decline in renal function. - Fournier's gangrene: necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum. - Bone fracture: increased risk of lower‑limb fractures. - Lower‑limb amputation: especially of the toe or metatarsal.

Before initiating therapy, clinicians should evaluate patient‑specific factors and monitor for potential complications.

Monitor renal function: assess eGFR prior to start and periodically thereafter. Assess for ketoacidosis: educate patients on warning signs such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. Evaluate cardiovascular risk: consider in patients with established CVD. Avoid in severe renal impairment: contraindicated when eGFR is below the recommended threshold. Review concomitant diuretics: increased risk of volume depletion and hypotension. Store at ambient temperature below 25°C: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Canagliflozin may interact with several drug classes, requiring dose adjustments or monitoring.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Insulin: heightened risk of hypoglycemia. - Loop diuretics: additive diuretic effect leading to dehydration. - Rifampin: may reduce canagliflozin plasma concentrations.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - ACE inhibitors/ARBs: monitor renal function and serum potassium. - NSAIDs: potential impact on renal perfusion. - Thiazide diuretics: may increase volume‑depleting effects.