Humulin Regular

Humulin Regular is a prescription insulin human (rDNA) injection solution containing 100 U/mL of recombinant human insulin. It is supplied as a clear, sterile solution for subcutaneous administration and is marketed in the European Union. The product is used to replace or supplement endogenous insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus, providing a short‑acting glucose‑lowering effect. It is typically stored in a refrigerator and must be protected from light.

Humulin Regular is indicated for the management of hyperglycemia in adults and children with diabetes.

- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin‑dependent) - Type 2 diabetes mellitus when oral agents are insufficient - Management of diabetic ketoacidosis as part of a rapid‑acting insulin regimen - Use in pregnancy or lactation when tight glucose control is required (under medical supervision) - As a bolus dose before meals to control post‑prandial glucose spikes - Adjustment of basal‑bolus insulin regimens in patients transitioning from other short‑acting insulins

Adverse reactions to Humulin Regular are generally related to its pharmacologic activity and injection site response.

Common: - Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) - Injection‑site pain, redness or swelling - Lipodystrophy (localized fat loss or accumulation) - Allergic skin reactions such as rash or urticaria - Weight gain due to fluid retention - Nausea or abdominal discomfort - Transient visual disturbances - Headache - Cold or flu‑like symptoms - Dizziness - Pruritus at injection site

Serious: - Severe hypoglycemia with neuroglycopenic symptoms - Anaphylactic reaction, including angioedema and bronchospasm - Edema or heart failure exacerbation in susceptible patients - Hypersensitivity leading to Stevens‑Johnson syndrome - Unexplained lactic acidosis (rare) - Severe allergic reaction with serum sickness - Acute pancreatitis (very rare) - Thrombotic events associated with high-dose therapy

Humulin Regular should be used with caution and under medical supervision, taking into account individual patient factors and comorbid conditions.

- Verify blood glucose before each dose to avoid hypoglycemia. - Adjust dose when initiating, changing diet, or altering physical activity. - Use reduced doses in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. - Monitor for signs of fluid retention or worsening heart failure. - Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to human insulin or any excipients. - Consider pregnancy and lactation status; benefits must outweigh potential risks. - Store in refrigerator; do not freeze, and protect from light.

Humulin Regular may interact with other medications that affect glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity.

Avoid: - Concurrent use of other rapid‑acting insulins without dose adjustment. - High‑dose beta‑blockers that mask hypoglycemia symptoms. - MAO‑inhibitors combined with sympathomimetic agents (risk of severe hypoglycemia). - Alcohol consumption in excess, which can cause unpredictable glucose fluctuations.

Use with caution: - Oral antidiabetic agents (e.g., sulfonylureas, meglitinides) that increase hypoglycemia risk. - Corticosteroids, which may raise blood glucose and require dose changes. - Thyroid hormones or thyroid replacement therapy, which can alter insulin requirements. - Beta‑agonists (e.g., albuterol) that may increase glucose levels. - Loop diuretics that may affect potassium balance and insulin action.