Humulin I (Isophane)

Humulin I (Isophane) is a recombinant human insulin (isophane) supplied as an injectable suspension. It is a prescription‑only product marketed in the European Union. The formulation contains insulin human (isophane) in a suspension intended for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration. Humulin I is used as a basal insulin to provide prolonged glucose‑lowering action in patients with diabetes. It is classified under ATC code A10AB01 and belongs to the antidiabetic drug class.

Humulin I (isophane) is indicated for the long‑acting insulin needs of adults with diabetes.

- Type 1 diabetes mellitus as part of a basal insulin regimen. - Type 2 diabetes mellitus when basal insulin is required. - Adjunct to rapid‑acting insulin analogues for basal‑bolus therapy. - Use in patients who need a steady insulin level over 24 hours. - May be employed when oral antidiabetic agents are insufficient.

Adverse reactions to Humulin I may vary in frequency and severity.

Common: - Mild hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). - Injection site redness or swelling. - Lipodystrophy at the injection site. - Weight gain. - Transient headache.

Serious: - Severe hypoglycemia with neuroglycopenic symptoms. - Allergic reactions such as urticaria or angioedema. - Anaphylactic hypersensitivity. - Persistent edema or exacerbation of heart failure.

Before initiating Humulin I, clinicians should evaluate several safety considerations.

- Assess renal and hepatic function, as impairment can alter insulin clearance. - Review history of hypoglycemia unawareness or severe episodes. - Adjust doses when patients are pregnant, lactating, or planning pregnancy; data are limited. - Monitor for signs of cardiovascular disease, especially in patients with edema. - Caution in patients using beta‑blockers, which may mask hypoglycemia symptoms. - Avoid use in individuals with known hypersensitivity to recombinant human insulin.

Humulin I can interact with other medicines that affect blood glucose or insulin action.

Avoid: - Concomitant use of other insulin products without dose adjustment. - Co‑administration with sulfonylureas or meglitinides, which may increase hypoglycemia risk.

Use with caution: - Beta‑adrenergic blockers, which can mask hypoglycemia signs. - Oral corticosteroids, which may raise glucose levels. - Thiazide diuretics, which can reduce insulin sensitivity. - Alcohol, which can cause delayed hypoglycemia.