Harmonet (Ethinylestradiol, Gestodene)

Harmonet is a combined oral contraceptive tablet containing the synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol and the progestogen gestodene. It is supplied as an oral tablet, with the specific strength not disclosed in the source data, and is marketed in the European Union. The product works by preventing ovulation and creating cervical and endometrial conditions unfavorable for fertilisation and implantation. It requires a prescription and is intended for women of reproductive age.

Harmonet is indicated for hormonal contraception and is commonly prescribed to prevent pregnancy.

- Prevention of pregnancy in women of child‑bearing potential when taken as directed. - Regulation of menstrual cycles, providing more predictable bleeding patterns. - Reduction of menstrual‑related symptoms such as dysmenorrhea and heavy bleeding. - Management of acne associated with hormonal fluctuations in some users. - Potential benefit in reducing the risk of ovarian cyst formation.

Like other combined oral contraceptives, Harmonet may cause side effects, most of which are mild and transient.

Common: - Nausea or mild gastrointestinal discomfort, often occurring during the first cycles. - Headache or migraine, which may vary in intensity. - Breast tenderness or enlargement, typically resolving after continued use. - Irregular spotting or breakthrough bleeding, especially in the initial months. - Weight gain or fluid retention, usually modest and temporary.

Serious: - Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, presenting with leg pain, swelling, or shortness of breath. - Severe hypertension, stroke, or myocardial infarction, requiring immediate medical attention. - Liver dysfunction or jaundice, indicated by yellowing of the skin or eyes.

Before starting Harmonet, certain health considerations should be evaluated to ensure safe use.

- History of blood clots, stroke, or other cardiovascular disease. - Current or past breast cancer or other estrogen‑dependent tumors. - Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes. - Liver disease or impaired liver function. - Smoking in women over 35 years of age. - Pregnancy or planning to become pregnant. - Severe migraine with aura.

Harmonet can interact with other medicines, which may alter its effectiveness or increase risks.

Avoid: - Antibiotics such as rifampicin, certain antiepileptics, and herbal St John’s wort that reduce hormone levels. - Medications that induce hepatic enzymes, potentially decreasing contraceptive efficacy.

Use with caution: - Antifungal agents like ketoconazole, which may increase hormone concentrations. - Some HIV protease inhibitors and certain antidepressants that can affect hormone metabolism. - Medications that may increase the risk of thrombosis, requiring careful monitoring.