Myambutol® (Ethambutol Hydrochloride)

Ethambutol, the active ingredient in Myambutol, is an antitubercular presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is employed in the treatment of tuberculosis in both adults and children, usually as part of a multi‑drug regimen.

GNH USA supplies Myambutol as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Ethambutol is an antitubercular drug used in the management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. - Pulmonary tuberculosis: contributes to bacterial clearance when combined with other first‑line agents. - Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: aids in treating TB affecting lymph nodes, bones, or the central nervous system. - Multidrug‑resistant tuberculosis: incorporated into specialist‑guided regimens for resistant strains.

Ethambutol may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects: - Visual disturbances: blurred vision, loss of visual acuity, or color‑vision changes. - Peripheral neuropathy: tingling or numbness in extremities. - Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, vomiting, or abdominal discomfort. - Skin rash: mild erythema or itching. - Joint pain: arthralgia without swelling.

Serious or Rare Side Effects: - Optic neuritis: potentially irreversible vision loss requiring immediate discontinuation. - Severe hypersensitivity: angioedema, bronchospasm, or anaphylaxis. - Hepatic dysfunction: elevated transaminases or jaundice. - Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. - Severe peripheral neuropathy leading to functional impairment.

Ethambutol requires careful monitoring and specific safety measures. - Renal impairment: dose adjustment may be needed in patients with reduced kidney function. - Visual monitoring: obtain baseline eye examination and repeat periodically during therapy. - Pregnancy: use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. - Concomitant ototoxic drugs: monitor auditory function when combined with agents such as streptomycin. - Hypersensitivity: discontinue immediately if signs of allergic reaction appear. - Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ethambutol can interact with several medicines, influencing safety or efficacy.

Major Interactions (Avoid): - Isoniazid: combined use increases the risk of optic neuritis. - Streptomycin: additive neurotoxic potential may exacerbate peripheral neuropathy. - Rifampicin: may reduce ethambutol plasma concentrations, compromising efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely): - Pyrazinamide: combined hepatotoxic risk requires liver function monitoring. - CYP450 inducers (e.g., carbamazepine): may lower ethambutol levels, necessitating therapeutic assessment. - Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): monitor INR as ethambutol may alter anticoagulant effect.